Application and prospects of 3D printing in physical experiments of rock mass mechanics and engineering: materials, methodologies and models

Abstract The existence of joints or other kinds discontinuities has a dramatic effect on the stability rock excavations and engineering. As result, great challenge in mass mechanics testing is to prepare rock-like samples with defects. In recent years, 3D printing technology become promising tool field This study first reviews discusses research status traditional test methods tests making Then, based comprehensive analysis previous research, application expounded from following three aspects. material. Although there are many materials for printing, it been found that can be used very limited. After we summarize evaluate material studies. second methodology, which mainly introduces current forms mechanics. includes printed precise casting molds one-time samples. last one model, small-scale mechanical large-scale physical models. benefits drawbacks using validity their simulation real discussed. Compared collected nature synthetic samples, made by have unique advantages, such as higher repeatability, visualization internal structure stress distribution. There thus potential use However, also shortcomings, insufficient strength accuracy at this stage. Finally, prospect proposed.